one-third of the people with an age over twenty have some signs of degenerated discs. however, in most of the patients the mere presence of degenerative discs is not a problem leading to pain, neurological compression, or other symptoms. this paper presents an interval type-2 fuzzy hybrid rule-based system to diagnose the abnormal degenerated discs where pain variables are represented by interv...

One-third of the people with an age over twenty have some signs of degenerated discs. However, in most of the patients the mere presence of degenerative discs is not a problem leading to pain, neurological compression, or other symptoms. This paper presents an interval type-2 fuzzy hybrid rule-based system to diagnose the abnormal degenerated discs where pain variables are represented by interv...

Two problem solving strategies, forward chaining and backward chaining, were compared to see how they affect students’ learning of geometry theorem proving with construction. In order to determine which strategy accelerates learning the most, an intelligent tutoring system, the Advanced Geometry Tutor, was developed that can teach either strategy while controlling all other instructional variab...

Flood water in Lake Manapouri is released according to strictly formulated flood rules. B e Realtime Flood Assistant is an expert system which incorporates Lake Manapouri flood rules and the txperience of the control room operators at Transpower NZ Ltd. to assist them in the release of flood water. The expert system is being developed in Level5 Object. The program is mainly an event-driven syst...

In this study, we have designed and implemented a system that supports learners to use backward chaining to solve proof problems about the congruence of two triangles. In addition, we have carried out an evaluation experiment in a public junior high school to measure the learning effect of the system. As a result of hypothesis tests, for students with good pretest scores, the effect of the syst...

Over the years increasing sophisticated planning algorithms have been developed. These have made for more efficient planners. However, current state of the art planners still suffer from severe complexity problems, problems that can surface even in domains in which good plans are easy to generate, like the blocks world. Planners generally employ search to find plans, and planning research has i...

Explicit instruction in a problem-solving strategy accelerated learning not only in the domain where it was taught but also in a second domain where it was not taught. We present data from a study in which students learned two unrelated deductive domains: probability and physics. During the probability instruction, the Strategy group was trained with an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) that ex...

Certain learners are less sensitive to learning environments and can always learn, while others are more sensitive to variations in learning environments and may fail to learn (Cronbach & Snow, 1977). We refer to the former as high learners and the latter as low learners. One important goal of any learning environment is to bring students up to the same level of mastery. We showed that an intel...